Method of and apparatus for removing moisture from paper stock



May 13 1924. 1,493,536

A. J. HAUG METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR REMOVING MOISTURE FROM PAPERSTOCK Filed Oct. 19. v1921 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 17122971270? B72507? JHa/uMay 13 1924. 1,493,536

A. J. HAUG METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR REMOVING MOISTURE FROM PAPERSTOCK Filed Qct. 19 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 lave-W770i.-

Patented May 13, 1924.

UNITED. STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ANTON J. HAUG, 0F NASHUA, HAMPSHIRE, ASSIGNOR TO IMPROVED PAPERMACHINERY COMPANY, OF NASHUA, NEW HAMPSHIRE, A CORPORATION OF MAINE.

METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR REMOVING MOISTURE FROM PAPER STOCK.

Application filed October 19, 1921. Serial No. 508,653.

a specification, like characters on the drawiugs representing likeparts.

This invention relates to methods of and apparatus for removing moisturefrom paper stock and consists in improvements which simplify theextraction of moisture from the pulp, whether the consistency of thelatter is relatively thick or relatively.

thin, and which permit the extraction of any required amount of moisturefrom the stock. It also consists in improvements whereby, without theuse of felt, a web or fibre layer canbe formed from stock where thefibres are held in liquid. suspension.

The invention will be best understood by reference to the followingdescription when taken in connection with the accompanying illustrationof one specific embodiment of the apparatus, while its scope will bemore particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawin Fig. 1 is a Si elevation of an apparatus embodying oneform of the invention;

Fig. 2 is a transverse cross-sectional elevation, diagrammatical incharacter, showing the relation of the expressing rolls in the apparatusof Fig. 1; and

Fig. 3 is a similar cross-sectional elevation showing a modified form ofapparatus.

Referring to the drawings and more particularly to Figs. 1 and 2, thestock from which the moisture is to be removed is delivered to the uppersurface of a hollow, perforated cylinder 5, which is driven from anysuitable source of power in the direction of the arrow shown in F ig. 2.If the object is merely to extract moisture the stock may be appliedfrom above to the upper surface of the cylinder in any desired way, asby providing a compartment or chamber to which the stock is deliveredand of which the cylinderfi and the cooperating couch or ex ressing roll7 form the bottom. If it is esired to form a web or sheet, however, thestock is preferably applied from above by deliver-mg to the uppersurface of the cylinder a measured, uniform stream capable of forming aneven, uniform sheet on the foraminous surface of the cylinder as thelatter revolves. In the apparatus illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, there isprovided for this purpose a stock supply chamber 9 fed from the feedpipe 11 having a baffle plate 13, the stock passing out under the baffleplate and over the weir plate 15, the height of latter and the rate offeed through the pipe bein adjusted to give sheet of the require thicness. The cylinder 5 has a foraminous surface and may be of the generalconstruction commonly utilized in cylinder molds, permitting readydrainage to its interior of the surplus or free moisture contained inthe stock. The water passing to the interior of the cylinder passes tothe bottom of the interior thereof and thence through the perforationstherein into the drip pan 17 or other receptacle, whence it escapesthrough any suitable waste pipe 19.

Cooperating with the foraminous cylinder 5 is the expressing roll 7adapted to be pressed relatively toward the cylinder and express waterfrom the stock as the latter passes between the perforated roll and theexpressing roll, such expressed water also passing to the interior ofthe hollowcylinder and to the drip pan 17.

Any suitable means may be employed for exerting the necessary ressurebetween the rolls, but herein the roll 7 is mounted in stationaryjournals 21, while the roll 5 is mounted at each end in journals 23, thelatter being adapted to slide horizontally on guideways 25 supported onthe main frame 27 and the necessary pressure between the two rolls beingmaintained by the coiled spring 29, the compression of which may beadjusted through the hand-wheel 31.

The perforated cylinder which receives the stock in the first instanceshould preferably be constructed with an open mesh so as to permit thefree passage of the surplus water through its walls, and such a form ofcylinder is usually incapable of withstanding excessive pressure. Arelatively moderate pressure therefore onl is maintained between theexpressin r01 7 and the perforated cylinder 5, ea sequent expressingaction or actions being relied upon to further extract moisture as ma berequired. The expressing roll 7 whic is unperforated is preferablycovered with felt or other soft, yielding material like the usual couchroll in order to best cooperate with the perforated roll 5.

As the web of moist stock passes down between the two rolls, theexpressing roll 7 presses it firmly against the perforated surfacecausing further surplus water therein to. pass through the perforationsof the cylinder, whence it gravitates through the bottom of theperforated cylinder and into the drip pan 17. The sheet thus formed, asit passes the point of contact between the two rolls, leaves theerforated roll and clings to the couch roll 7, because of the 7 superioradhesive attraction offered by the felt or other surface of the couchroll.

It will be observed that the water which is thus expressed through theperforations in the roll 5 not only gravitates in such a direction as tohave no contact with the thickened stock, but in draining throu h theperforations in the lower half of t e perforated cylinder tends to washthese fperforations free from the accumulated bre and maintain the rollclean and effective for the draining action.

Then stock having been preliminarily drained, is next subjected to amore vigorous expressing action by being subjected to a second pair ofrolls, comprising also a perforated cylin ler and an expressing roll,these, however, being so constructed as to be capable of exerting arelatively greater pressing action and therefore extracting asubstantial amount of the remnant moisture. For this purpose there isprovided a second cylinder 33 having a perforated surface adapted tocooperate with an expressing roll 35, the latter however preferablyhavin a smooth, hard,.,nnperforated surface, by means of whici if', arelatively great pressure can be exerted against the perforated roll. Inthe a paratus shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the web is transferred from thecouch or expressing roll 7 to the perforated cylinder 33 by directcontact, the cylinder 33 being constructed to provide a greater adhesiveattraction for the web than the couch roll. For this urpose the cylinder33 is mounted at eac end in bearings 37 sup rted by the'arm 39 pivotedat 41 to the rame 27. The opposite end of each arm 39 is attached to thelink 43 which in turn is jointed to a long wei hted arm 45 pivoted at!47 on the base 49 o the machine. The weights 51, which may be adjustedto any required amount, maintain a constant upward pressure on theperforated roll or cylinder 33 against the couch roll 7, so that thestock delivered by the roll 7 is not only subjected to pressure betweenthe cylinder 33 and the roll 35 but is also subjected to pressurebetween the cylinder 33 and the roll 7. The stock or web after itsdelivery to the cylinder 33 passes between the cylinder and theexpressing roll 35 and is thereby deprived of further moisture which,like the moisture expressed by the roll 7, drains down into the lowerpart of the cylinder 33, thence through the perforations in the bottomthereof and 1nto the drip pan or drainage receptacle 53, whence it iswithdrawn through the waste pipe 55.

To exert the necessary pressure between the cylinder 33 and theexpressing roll 35, the latter is mounted at each end in adjustablebearings 57 slidable horizontally in ways 59 and forced toward thecylinder 33 by relatively heavy springs 61, the pressure of which may beadjusted by the handwheel 63 ada ted to turn a suitable adjusting screw.e hard, smooth surface of the presser roll 35 acts not only to expel thewater from the stock through the perforations in the roll 9, but also toexpel air from between the stock and the smooth surface of the roll, sothat the fibres tend to cling to the latter rather than to adhere to theperforated surface. The dried fibres, therefore, as they pass the pointof contact between the two rolls, leave the perforated cylinder andcling to the smooth roll.

In order to withstand the relatively great pressure exerted by thepresser roll the perforated cylinder is preferably constructed not onlywith a foraminous covering, but also of suflicient strength to withstandconsiderable surface pressure, a construction pf this kind, by way ofexample, being shown in my co-pending a plication, Serial No. 255,445,filed Septem r 24, 1918, wherein the cylinder is covered with perforatedsheet metal, provided with openings which are of lesser diameter thanthe average length of fibres or slivers to be handled, but reinforced atintervals by radial supports .which are carried by a series of spiders,thereby materially stiffening the surface against external pressure.This construction also provides the necessary adhesive construction tocause the web to pass from the couch roll 7 to the cylinder 33, thepressure between the two rolls ex elling the excess water which escapesfree y through the perforations of the cylinder and causes the fibres tocling to the perforated surface of the latter.

The web having passed from the perforated eylinder 33 to the roll 35 isthen withdrawn from the smooth roll by any suitable means, as by adoctor blade 65, and may be carried to any other desired apparatus intheform of a continuous traveling sheet or may be withdrawn and storedfor future use.

The expressing action which is carried out by the pair of expressingrolls 33 and 35 may be repeated in subsequent stages and, by subjectingthe sheet to the action of successive pairs of expressing rolls, theextraction of water may be carried on gradually and with the greatestthoroughness. In Fig. 3 I have shown an ap aratus similar to thatillustrated in Fig. 2, ut with the addition of other pairs of expressingrolls which act to further extract moisture from the stock. In Fig. 3the web, instead of being removed from the expressin roll 35 by a doctorblade, is transferre as before, directly to the perforated cylinder 67similar in construction to thecylinder 33, and is subjected to theressure of the coo rating ex pressing r01 69 generally similar inconstruction to the expressing roll 35. This transference of the webfrom one set of expressing rolls to a succeeding set may be carried outthrough as many stages as deshed, the rforated roll of one set receivingthe we directly from the expressing roll of the preceding set either bydirect contact therewith or otherwise. n Fig. 3 an additional set ofexpressing rolls are provided, bein embodied in the perforated cylinder71, a so similar to the cylinder 33, and the cooperating expressing roll73 generally similar to the roll 35, the web being received by thecylinder 71 directly from the expressin roll 69 but with the assistanceof the doctor blade 75 which diverts the web from the expressing rolland allows it to pass downward to the perforated cylinder 71 and betweenthe latter and the ex ressing roll 73. From the roll 73 the web iscleared :y the doctor blade 75 and may be deliver as before, to anydesired apparatus or recegtacle.

he surface of the expressing -r'olls 35, 69, etc., which is necessa tocause the fibres to cling to the surface 0 the roll and leave theperforated roll, will depend somewhat on the degree to which moisturehas already been extracted from the web. The further the processcontinues the smoother and harder should be the surface of the roll soas to be more effective in expelling the water between the surface ofthe roll and the web. Thus, the surface of the first roll 35 should bepreferably smooth but not necessarily polished, while the surface of theroll 69 should preferably have a higher finish, and as the successivestages are passed through successive rolls should have a higher polishand should preferably be used under increasin ressure.

Whi e have herein shown for the purpose of illustration one s cificembodiment of the invention, it is to understood that the same is notlimited to specific details herein shown nor to the form or relativearrangement of parts, but that extensive deviations may be madetherefrom without departing from the spirit thereof.

Claims:

1. The process of extracting moisture from Paper stock which consists inapplying the stock from above to a foraminous cylindrical surface,withdrawing surplus moisture by gravity through the walls of thecylinder, transferring the stock from the cylinder to a couch'roll andtherefrom to a second foraminous cylinder, the latter capable ofwithstanding relatively greater pressure, and subjecting it thereafterto the relatively greater pressure of a cooperating expressing roll.

2. The process of extracting moisture from paper stock which consists inapplying the stock from above to a foraminous cylindrical surface,withdrawing surplus moisture by gravity through the walls ofthecylinder, subjecting the drained stock to the pressure of a cooperatingroll, and thereafter causing it to travel upon the surface of a secondforaminous cylinder and subjecting it to further and greater pressure toextract further moisture.

3. The process offorming a web from paper stock which consists indropping a uniform stream of stock on a foraminous cylindrical surface,Withdrawing surplus moisture by gravity through the walls of thecylinder, subjecting it to the pressure of a couch roll, transferringthe sheet to a second perforated cylinder capable of withstandingconsiderable pressure, and subjecting the sheet thereon to relativelygreater pressure by the action of a second expressing roll.

4. The process of formin a web from paper stock which consists indropping a uniform measured stream of stock on a foraminous cylindricalsurface, withdrawing surplus moisture by gravity through the walls ofthe cylinder, and sub'ecting the sheettoa plurality of expressingactions while in direct contact with a foraminous surface to extractfurther moisture.

5. The process of extracting moisture from paper stock which: consistsin apply- ,ing it from above to a foraminous cylindrical surface,withdrawing surplus moisture by gravity through the walls of thecylinder, subjecting it to the action of an expressing roll, andthereafter subjecting it to further squeezing action while in directcontact with the squeezing agencies.

6. The process of forming a web from paper stock which consists indropping a uniform measured stream of stock on a foraminous cylindricalsurface, subjecting the sheet to the pressure of a cooperating roll,conveying the sheet to a second perfoto the dpressure of a cooperatingpressure roll an thereafter causing it to travel between and in directcontact'with the surfaces of one or more pair of lesser rolls.

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13. In a machine for forming a web of paper stock the combination with afol-aminous cylinder of means for dropping a measured stream of stockfrom above on the cylinder to form a web, a couch roll, means for K,ecliine er 4? Ifssins moi ture are {iii risk; a for name eager, mean-Sar anew-es at t. t h was a i em were as a a ime re um I i t feast? spa eWalls, era; re ea-"agein e r f" e ini sr an a era: is h thwk a fa ktheir a e a eam, smmiamis fcl liner in ece pt will! he s on o. epressing rd to take the stock therefrom, and a second expressingrollengagingthe stock on saidsecqnd cylinder.

18. In a machine for extracting moisture from paper stock, thecombination with a foramlnous cylinder of means for appl ing the stockthereto from above, means to rain away surplus moisture through thecylinder walls, a roll subjecting the stock on the cylinder to anexpressin action, and means to withdraw the stock romthe roll to thesurface of a second foraminous cylinder and subject it to a relativelygreater pressure for extracting further moisture therefrom.

19. In a web forming machine for paper stock, the ,combination with aforaminous cylinder of a couch roll, means for dropping a measuredstream of stock from above on the cylinder to form a web, and means toreceive the web from the couch roll and express further moisturetherefrom, the same comprising a second perforated cylinder capable ofwithstanding greater pressure than the first cylinder, and a smoothexpressing roll pressed into cooperative relation to the secondcylinder.

20. In a machine for extracting moisture from paper stock, thecombination of a foraminous cylinder and co-operating exressing roll, adoctor blade to remove stock groin said roll, a second foraminouscylinder to receivethe stock removed by said doctor blade, andanexpressing roll cooperating with said second cylinder.

21. In a web forming machine for paper stock, the combination with aforaminous cylinder of means for dropping a measured stream of stockfrom above on the cylinder to form a web, means to drain away the surplus moisture through the cylinder walls,

and means for pressing the sheet against the cylinder to express furthermoisture therefrom.

22. In a web forming machine for paper stock, the combination with aforaminous cylinder of a couch roll, means for dropping a measuredstream of stock from above on the cylinder to form a web, and means toreceive the web-from the couch roll and express further moisturetherefrom, comprising a second perforated cylinder and an expressrollco-operating therewith.

in v

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification,

ANTON J HAUG.

